Historical Methodist Church Records and Archives

Robert Hooke and the Coil Spring

Robert Hooke was perhaps the single greatest experimental scientist of the 17th century, responsible for developing a concept hundreds of years ago that would result in coil springs that are still used widely today. About Robert Hooke   Hooke actually considered himself a philosopher, not an inventor. Born in 1635 on England’s Isle of Wight, he studied classics in school, then went on to Oxford University where he worked as an assistant to Thomas Willis, a physician. Hooke became a member of the Royal Society and is credited with discovering cells.   Hooke was peering through a microscope one day in 1665 when he noticed pores or cells  in a piece of cork tree. He decided these were containers for the â€Å"noble juices† of the substance he was inspecting. He assumed at the time that these cells were unique to plants, not to all living matter, but he is nonetheless given credit for discovering them. The Coil Spring Hooke conceived of what would become known as â€Å"Hooke’s Law 13 years later in 1678. This premise explains the elasticity of solid bodies, a discovery which led to the development of tension increasing and decreasing in a spring coil. He observed that when an elastic body is subjected to stress, its dimension or shape changes in proportion to the applied stress over a range. On the basis of his experiments with springs, stretching wires and coils, Hooke stated a rule between extension and force which would become known as Hooke’s Law: Strain and the relative change in dimension is proportional to stress. If the stress applied to a body goes beyond a certain value known as the elastic limit, the body does not return to its original state once the stress is removed. Hookes law applies only in the region below the elastic limit. Algebraically, this rule has the following form: F kx. Hookes Law would eventually become the science behind coil springs.  He died in 1703, never having married or had children. Hooke’s Law Today Automobile suspension systems, playground toys, furniture, and even retractable ballpoint pens employ springs these days. Most have an easily predicted behavior when force is applied. But someone had to take Hooke’s philosophy and put it to use before all these useful tools could be developed. R. Tradwell received the first patent for a coil spring in 1763 in Great Britain. Leaf springs were all the rage at the time, but they required significant maintenance, including regular oiling. The coil spring was much more efficient and  less squeaky.   It would be almost another hundred years before the first coil spring made of steel found its way into furniture: It was used in an armchair in 1857.

Understanding Irregular -ER French Verbs

There are a lot of French verbs that end in -ER and there are a lot of irregular French verbs, but there is only one irregular -ER verb. However, there are three groups of -ER verbs that have some irregularities. One True Irregular -ER Verb Aller (to go) is the only truly irregular -er verb in French - its conjugations are unique and, according to some, very odd. Spelling Change Verbs Spelling change verbs  are verbs that end in -cer or -ger. Their stem formation and verb endings are the same as for regular -er verbs, but there is a slight spelling change for pronunciation purposes in certain conjugations. Stem-Changing Verbs Stem-changing verbs  are -er verbs that take the regular endings but have two different radicals. There are five categories of French stem-changing verbs: -yer, -eler, -eter, -e_er, and -à ©_er. -IER Verbs There is nothing actually irregular about the conjugation of -ier verbs - they are conjugated like regular -er verbs, but some of their forms look strange.

The Heart Of Reagan s Foreign Policy - 867 Words

When Ronald Reagan to the oath of office on January 20, 1981, he called upon Americans to â€Å"begin an era of national renewal.† In response to the serious problems facing the country, both foreign and domestic, he asserted his familiar campaign phrase: Government is not the solution to our problem, government is the problem. His dream was to make America the beacon of hope and freedom for those who do not have freedom. Reagan advanced domestic policies that featured a lessening of federal government responsibility in solving social problems, reducing restrictions on business, and implementing tax cuts. Internationally, Reagan demonstrated a fierce opposition to the spread of communism throughout the world and a strong distrust of the Soviet Union, which in 1983 he labeled an evil empire. The heart of Reagan s foreign policy was to prevent the expansion of communism and at the heart of communism was the Soviet Union. Reagan often referred to the Soviet Union as the â€Å"e vil empire.† Reagan believed that the United States should negotiate with the Soviet Union from a position of strength. The administration embarked on a modernization program which included the production of intercontinental missiles and the Strategic Defense Initiative. He increased military spending and forces, while holding negotiations with Mikhail Gorbachev- the General Secretary of the Soviet Union. After a number of meetings between Reagan and Gorbachev, the two men signed an IntermediateShow MoreRelatedPresident Ronald Reagan s Foreign Policy1147 Words   |  5 PagesReagan’s Foreign Policy Some may say, President Ronald Reagan was defined by his foreign policy. Some may also consider that he made difficult decisions during his presidency in America. Unfortunately, he also made many mistakes as a president. Some think that his foreign policy is one of the errors that he made. Even though he was an important factor in ending the Cold War, people on his foreign policy team ended up killing American soldiers. Historically, many considered that a person eitherRead More Ronald Reagan Administration Essay1308 Words   |  6 Pagesadministrations that were not trusted, America elected Ronald Reagan by a landslide margin of victory. At sixty-nine years old, he was the oldest President to be elected. He was born in a small town in Illinois and served two terms as California governor starting in 1966. Reagans track record proved to be very strong and included welfare cuts, decreasing the number of state employees, and halting radical student protesters. Like other GOP members, Reagan came into office promising to limit the power of governmentRead MoreRonald Reag As Government Expands, Liberty Contracts Essay1628 Words   |  7 PagesEthan Martin Martin 1 Mrs. Langerot English 4 October 14, 2015 Ronald Wilson Reagan â€Å"As government expands, liberty contracts(Ronald Reagan Quotes). Those who know anything about Modern Politics in the United States know that Ronald Reagan is the poster child and founder of today s Conservatism. Today s Conservatism is at its core a hybrid between the Conservatism of Theodore Roosevelt and that of the Libertarianism of Thomas Jefferson. Libertarians believe that theRead MoreThe Presidential Campaign : Ronald Reagan And President Jimmy Carter1667 Words   |  7 PagesPresidential Campaign was between Ronald Reagan and President Jimmy Carter. In this campaign several key issues were discussed. Reagan provided solutions for the armed forces, the Nuclear Arms Race, terrorism, the nation s economy, and urban policies. He used several tactics to wage a successful campaign. By appealing to Republican values, Reagan received the votes of many heartfelt Americans and is still admired by many to this day. One of the key issues Reagan brought up throughout his campaign wasRead MoreA Study on Conservative Resurgence1171 Words   |  5 Pagesexcesses, political instability and economic turmoil that the liberals of the late 1960s and early 1970s created, led to a resurgence in conservative thinking. Americans began to reject the complete dependence on the government, and the inefficiency and corruption associated with it, in favor of a more independent and politically conservative way of thinking. As a result, 1980 saw the election of Ronald Reagan, a hard-core conservative Republican as President of the United States. Reagans victoryRead MoreThe Iran Contra Affair1586 Words   |  7 PagesThe Iran Contra affair is historically defined as the â€Å"Reagan administration scandal that involved the sale of arms to Iran in exchange for its efforts to secure the release of hostages in Lebanon and the redirection of the proceeds of those sales to the Nicaraguan Contras.† As the Nicara guan counterrevolutionaries, known as the Contras, began their efforts to retaliate against the Socialist Sandinista Regime, American government forces stepped in to support the Contra cause in a hope to supportRead MoreRonald Reag Rough Draft Essay1552 Words   |  7 PagesRonald Reagan Rough Draft Intro. INTRODUCTION Imagine, being the President of the United States of America, you are in charge of everything in the nation, being responsible for the well-being of your country. And imagine being on the verge of nuclear war with the Soviet Union and only having six minutes to decide whether or not civilization as we know it could continue. This is the type of stress Ronald Reagan was under almost every day of his eight year presidency. EARLY LIFE Read MoreThe President Of The United States1611 Words   |  7 Pagespolitical party’s main candidate where they offer their views on running the country then citizens decide who should be the president of the United States. In 1984, President Ronald Reagan and Walter Mondale participated in their second debate against each other. Four panelists on the topic of defense and foreign policy issues would prompt the two candidates to certain issues of their concern. Some issues in the dispute that were discussed were over the Soviet Union, use of military force, and illegalRead MoreThe Great Communicator By Ronald Reagan1491 Words   |  6 PagesAs stated in an article from Newsmakers, Ronald Reagan was known as â€Å"the Great Communicator† because he was able to clearly speak to the public due to his unusual experiences before presidency (Newsmakers). Every president of the United States has a unique story, but Reagan possessed many remarkable characteristi cs. Today, many people recognize Reagan as a former president, but few know about the struggles he faced and his success before presidency; his political party transition, handling economicRead MoreA Biography Of President Ronald W. Reagan s Life1587 Words   |  7 Pagespolitical wisdom and collected nature, even in high pressure situations. Peggy Noonan, the author of this book, keeps a consistent praising tone for Reagan throughout the novel, and her love and appreciation for the man is obvious. Reagan went on to win the hearts of many Americans with his charming personality and undeniable charisma, qualities of Reagan that even some of his political adversaries have pointed out. Summary At the very beginning of the book, Noonan includes a quote by the distinguished

Like A Flag in the Wind We are One Free Essays

Stop. Tell the driver to pause and command the tires to be silent. Make sure everyone is quiet and not fidgeting. We will write a custom essay sample on Like A Flag in the Wind We are One or any similar topic only for you Order Now Direct those who are waving to cease wagging their hands and let them glance for a quick second at this still moment-in-time and think. Look. Examine the picture. Why is everyone saying goodbye? Is it because waving is an acceptable folkway that has now become clichà ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ and is just an easy way out when parting? Why are those who have raised hands crying? What is causing such emotion to be stirred in so many all at once? Why do I feel the same way? Camp comes once a year. One week of late nights, talking, fellowship with other believers and close encounters with God. Camp is another world; a place unlike home. However, that yellow school bus always brings us back to reality, reminding us that this oasis is only temporary. Yet despite camp’s brevity, its memories will always dwell in the back of my mind, always moving, breathing, living. They are translated into ink and laid out onto paper but they are animated in my mind – looping in my memory. I am inundated in the recollection of their faces. They are here with me. Now I sit. I sit looking at these photos by myself, but this one stands out. It was the last day of camp and a grey day at that. Everyone was saying their last goodbyes. We already missed one another. At the time, I don’t think we realized that we would be together soon; camp would only be a year away and the winter retreat a mere six months. But who thinks of that at the time? Who reflects on such details when so overcome with emotion? That’s what pictures are for: to look back and rethink situations, to clear your head and to revisit and understand past circumstances. Now looking back I understand and am at peace – I will see them soon. This realization excites me; the thought of seeing their faces enthuses me like the thought of a warm summer day. Once again we will have the chance to talk about and worship Jesus and not hold anything back. It is seldom that I get the chance to have companionship with other Christians and to be in an environment where everyone’s focus is on God. Times like these I savor; slowly nibbling a piece of chocolate – sweet and smooth -letting it melt on my tongue. But like any piece of chocolate, there is an end to it. Goodbye waves and driveways are in inevitable. However, when we go home, our relationship with our God stays the same; we are still followers of Jesus – only now swimming up stream. Yet we do this together; we may not be side by side but we all love our God simultaneously. I can still remember the warm kiss of the sun dancing on my arm; the sensation of relaxation and comfort came down from the sky and hugged me, masking the inner sadness I had welling up inside. Yet, looking back at this picture, I can now remember also a great sense of confidence, knowing I was and am not alone in sharing the gospel of Jesus Christ; those on the ground I was waving goodbye to and those whom I was sitting with on the bus all have the same purpose. This picture is a monument – lasting evidence, a reminder and an example of a great and notable event in my life: camp. It was a place where I became closer to God and made many marvelous friends. I will miss my brethren but despite the reality of our separation, there is comfort. There is comfort in knowing I will see them soon and until then we share the same purpose in unity. We don’t have to be physically together in order to be brothers and sisters in Christ. We are connected by a common denominator: God. So tell those who are waving to stop†¦ pause†¦ realize†¦ We may not be united in close proximity, but like a flag in the wind we are one. How to cite Like A Flag in the Wind We are One, Papers

ROBERT Frost has been Essay Example For Students

ROBERT Frost has been Essay discovering America all hislife. He has also beendiscovering the world; andsince he is a really wisepoet, the one thing has beenthe same thing as the other. He is more than a NewEngland poet: he is morethan an American poet; heis a poet who can beunderstood anywhere byreaders versed in mattersmore ancient and universalthan the customs of onecountry, whatever thatcountry is. Frosts countryis the country of humansense: of experience, ofimagination, and ofthought. His poems start athome, as all good poemsdo; as Homers did, asShakespeares, asGoethes, and asBaudelaires; but they endup everywhere, as only thebest poems do. This ispartly because his wisdomis native to him, and could not have been suppressed by any circumstance; it ispartly, too, because his education has been right. He is our least provincial poetbecause he is the best grounded in those ideasGreek, Hebrew, modernEuropeans and even Orientalwhich make for well-built art at any time. He doesnot parade his learning, and may in fact not know that he has it: but there in hispoems it is, and it is what makes them so solid, so humorous, and so satisfying. His many poems have been different from one another and yet alike. They are thework of a man who has never stopped exploring himselfor, if you like, America,or better yet, the world. He has been able to believe, as any good artist must, thatthe things he knows best because they are his own will turn out to be true for otherpeople. He trusts his own feelings, his own doubts, his own certainties, his ownexcitements. And there is absolutely no end to these, given the skill he needs tostate them and the strength never to be wearied by his subject matter. The objectin writing poetry Frost has said, is to make all poems sound as different aspossible from each other. But for this, in addition to the tricks any poet knows,we need the help of contextmeaningsubject matter. That is the greatest helptowards variety. All that can be done with words is soon told. So also with meters. . . . The possibilities for tune from the dramatic tones of meaning struck across therigidity of a limited meter are endless. And we are back in poetry as merely onemore art of having something to say, sound or unsound. Probably better if sound,because deeper and from wider experience.Frost is one of the most subtle of modern poets in that department where so muchcriticism rests, the department called technique; but the reason for his subtlety isseldom noticed. It is there because it has to be, in the service of somethinginfinitely more important: a report of the world by one who lives in it without anycause to believe that he is different from other persons except for the leisure he hasgiven himself to walk about and think as well as possible concerning all the thingshe sees; and to take accurate note of the way they strike him as he looks. What theyare in themselves is not to be known; or who he is, either, if all his thought is ofhimself; but when the two come together in a poem, testimony may result. This iswhat Frost means by subject matter, and what any poet had better mean if heexpects to be read. Frost is more and more read, by old readers and by young, because in this crucialand natural sense he has so much to say. He is a generous poet. His book confidesmany discoveries, and shares with its readers a world as wild as it is wideadangerous world, hard to live in, yet the familiar world that is the only one weshall ever have, and that we can somehow love for the bad things in it as well asthe good, the unintelligible as well as the intelligible. Frost is a laconic New Englander: that is to say, he talks more than anybody. Hetalks all the time. The inhabitants of New England accuse one another of talkingtoo much, but all are guilty together, all are human; for man is a talking animal,and never more so than when he is trying to prove that silence is best. Frost hasexpressed the virtue of silence in hundreds of poems, each one of them moreingenious than the last in the way it takes of suggesting that it should not have beenwritten at all. The greatest people keep still. There may be little or much beyond the grave,But the strong are saying nothing until they see. Joking aside, Frost is a generous giver. He is not, thank heaven, one of thoseexiguous modern poetsJoseph Wood Krutch has called them costivewho hopeto be loved because they have delivered so little: the fewer the poems the better thepoet. The fact is that the greatest poets have been, among other things, prolific:they have had much to say, and nothing has prevented them from keeping at it tillthey died. Contrary to a certain legend, good poets get better with age, as Thomas Hardy foranother instance did. The Collected Poems of Hardy are a universe through whichthe reader may travel forever, entertained as he goes by the same paradox as thatwhich appears in the Complete Poems of Frost: the universe in question ispresented as a grim, bleak place, but the longer one stares at it the warmer itseems, and the more capable of justifying itself beneath the stars. By an almostillicit process it manages in the end to sing sweetly of itselfnot sentimentally, oras if it leaned upon illusion, but with a deep sweetness that truth cannot disturb. Similarities Between Poe's Life And His Works EssayFrost never says these things either; his poems only suggest them, and suggestfurther things that contradict them. His muse, like the truth, is cantankerous; itkeeps on turning up fresh evidence against itself. And yet we cannot miss thealways electric presence of oppositiontwo things or persons staring at each otheracross some kind of wall. Frost has no interest in doors that do not lock, in friendswho do not know they are enemies too, or in enemies who do not know how topretend they are friends, and even believe it as far as things can go. His drumlinwoodchuck sits forth from his habitation like one who invites the world to comeand visit him; but he never forgets the two-door burrow at his back. So Frosthimself can reflect upon the triple bronze that guards him from infinity: his skin,his house, and his country. If he is greatly interested in the stars, and no poet ismore so, the reason is that they are another world which he can see from this one,and accept or challenge as the mood of the moment dictates. They burn in theirplaces as he burns in his, and it is just as well that neither fire can consume theother; yet each of them is a fire, and secretly longs to mingle with its far neighbor. The great thing about man for Frost is that he has the power of standing still wherehe is. He is on the earth, and it is only one of many places, and perhaps everyother place is better. But this is his place, where in spite of his longing to leave ithe can stay till his time comes. Like any other distinguished person, Frost lives intwo worlds at once: this one, and another one which only makes it more attractive. The superiority of the other one is what proves the goodness of the one we have,which doggedly we keep on loving, as doggedly it tolerates and educates us if welet it do so. Wisdom is enduring it exactly as it is; courage is being familiar with itand afraid of it in the right proportions; temperance is the skill to let it be; andjustice is the knowledge that between it and you there will always be a loversquarrel, never to die into cold silence and never to be made up. The main thing isthe mutual respect. Not that Frost wants us to think he knows everything. If, as they say, some dust thrown in my eyes Will keep my talk from getting overwise, Im not the one for putting off the proof. Let it be overwhelming, off a roof And round a corner, blizzard snow for dust, And blind me to a standstill if it must. His vision is the comic vision that doubts even itself. But it remembers all it can ofwhat it always knew, and rests, in so far as the mind can ever rest, on the sum ofits memories. The comic genius ignores nothing that seems true, howeverinconvenient it may be for something else that seems as true. The groundwork of all faith is human woe. . . . Theres nothing but injustice to be had,No choice is left a poet you might add, But how to take the curse, tragic or comic. The choice of Frost is clear. His humor, an indispensable thing in any great poet,is in his case the sign that he has decided to see everything that he can see. No manof course sees all the world, but the poorest man is the one who blinds himself. The man with his eyes open has the best chance to understand things, includingthose things his ancestors have said. The minister says of the old lady who used tolive in The Black Cottage:One wasnt long in learning that she thought Whatever else the Civil War was for, It wasnt just to keep the States together, Nor just to free the slaves, though it did both. She wouldnt have believed those ends enough To have given outright for them all she gave. Her giving somehow touched the principleThat all men are created free and equal. And to hear her quaint phrasesso removed From the worlds view today of all those things. Thats a hard mystery of Jeffersons. What did he mean? Of course the easy way Is to decide it simply isnt true. It may not be. I heard a fellow say so. But never mind, the Welshman got it plantedWhere it will trouble us a thousand years. Each age will have to reconsider it. . . . For, dear me, why abandon a belief Merely because it ceases to be true. Cling to it long enough, and not a doubt It will turn true again, for so it goes. Most of the change we think we see in life Is due to truths being in and out of favor. There it is. One couldnt say half so much if one were tragic. FroastCopyright 1951 by Mark Van Doren. Permission to reproduce granted by Charles and John Van Doren, executors. Allrights reserved. The Atlantic Monthly; June, 1951; Robert Frosts America; Volume 187, No. 6; pages 32-34.

Defining research problem and setting objectives free essay sample

Reviewing what is already known about a problem situation through the search for related literature and studies is an essential part of the research process. A good review of information will suggest the social, economic, political, cultural and historical aspects of the problem. This wille help to narrow the focus of the proposed investigation. IT will indicate the major theoretical concepts and operational variables other researchers have considered important. It will suggest possible research hypotheses that need to be tested and it will help the researcher avoid the areas of study which have already been explored by other researchers many times over. a. Defining Research Problem (Non-developmental research) Title is used as â€Å"guide† in the search for literature and developing the outline of your paper. Example: â€Å"THE ACCEPTABILITY OF HUMAN RESOURCE INFORMATION SYSTEM (HRIS) USING BIOMETRICS AT QUEZON CITY POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY: BASIS FOR IMPLEMENTATION† Having chosen the specific topic for your thesis, it is definite that you have something in mind that is finding a solution. We will write a custom essay sample on Defining research problem and setting objectives or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It must be something which can be a technological need or problem. The problem must be well-defined. It is important that you identify the Main Problem or the overall problem and the Specific Problems relating to your thesis proposal. In defining your research problem, it is necessary that you create interest in your reader. The introduction in your problem definition or statement of the problem should present why you choose a particular topic or subject. There are various ways on how you can present the introduction. Some do it by asking questions which would lead to the presentation of the identified problem. Others start with a narrative story on how the problem came about or how it was discovered. There are people who begin with current and relevant issues in their introduction. But although there are different approaches in writing the introduction, the objective remains the same –to show that the problem being considered for research really exists. Examples are: Main problem: How to determine the acceptability of the HRIS using biometrics for QCPU, if it will totally eliminate the inaccuracies and/or inconsistencies of the present attendance/time monitoring system of the faculty and staff? Specific Problems: 1) The time/attendance record of the faculty and staff which is the basis of salary computation is unreliable. 2) The available commercial computer software for attendance monitoring is very expensive. 3) The computation of salaries/honorarium is done manually which is a very slow process. b. Setting the Research Objectives (Developmental research) Title is used as â€Å"guide† in the search for literature and developing the outline of your paper. Example: â€Å"HUMAN RESOURCE INFORMATION SYSTEM USING BIOMETRICS FOR QUEZON CITY POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY† It is equally important that the objectives why you are pursuing this particular thesis proposal must be established. The objectives are identified as to General or Main Objectives and Specific Objectives. General Objective: The general objective of the study is to develop and evaluate accurate and reliable employees’ time/attendance capturing system for QCPU faculty and staff using Biometrics. Specific Objectives: The study has the following specific objectives: 1) To design a system that would capture the time/attendance of faculty and staff using biometrics. 2) To construct a computer-based system of attendance monitoring that is cost-effective and is capable of generating daily, weekly, monthly reports. 3) To design a centralized database using Vb.Net and MySQL 4) To evaluate the performance of the developed system. 2. The Research Title Characteristics of a research title: a. The title signifies a very timely and significant contribution to the needs of society in general and to the agency in particular. b. The title of a thesis should be a specific and concise statement of the topic c. It should refer to the major variables or theoretical issues investigated; d. Its principal function is to inform the reader about the study, therefore, it should be explanatory by itself; e. The title should focus on the topic investigated and the main variables studied. f. The recommended maximum length for the title is 10 to 20 substantive words. Formulate the Research Title Title is used as â€Å"guide† in the search for literature and developing the outline of your paper. Example: a. â€Å"ACCEPTABILITY OF HUMAN RESOURCE INFORMATION SYSTEM USING BIOMETRICS AT QUEZON CITY POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY: BASIS FOR IMPLEMENTATION† (non-developmental research) b. â€Å"HUMAN RESOURCE INFORMATION SYSTEM USING BIOMETRICS FOR QUEZON CITY POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY† (developmental research)